Thermocouples specs

How to find Thermocouple specs (from scratch) 
 When looking for a thermocouple, you need to verify some specs before you will know what kind they are looking for.  
 The below questions help to find what is required: 
 Head material: Cast aluminum, Cast Iron, Dimensions: Shaft diameter, Length, threading Diameter Probe Length: Type: J,K,S or RTD (heat range) Wires 1: Is there a head? Wires 2: How many wires? How long? Grounded? Probe Material: Stainless steel, Coper,? Media: Oil, Water,? 
 **Probe Only** Type: J,K,S or RTD (heat range) Probe Length: Probe Material: Stainless steel, Coper,?. Wire coat Material: Fiberglass? How long is the lead wire: Media: Oil, Water,?